The day was July 12 or 13; the traditional (and perhaps most probable) year is 100 bce; but if this date is correct, Caesar must have held each of his offices two years in advance of the legal minimum age. Julius was born on July 13th, 100 BC for whom the month of July is named. The old Roman calendar was inaccurate and manipulated for political purposes. His creditors did not let him leave Rome until Crassus had gone bail for a quarter of his debts; but a military expedition beyond the northwest frontier of his province enabled Caesar to win loot for himself as well as for his soldiers, with a balance left over for the treasury. There is evidence, however, that the Julii Caesares, though patricians, had already committed themselves to the antinobility party. Variant translation: 3. Written in a report to Rome 47 B.C., after conquering Pharnaces at Zela in Asia Minor in just five days; as quoted in Life of Caesar by Plutarch; reported to have been inscribed on one of the decorated wagons in the Pontic triumph, in Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Julius, by Suetonius 2. Caesar consequently divorced Pompeia. When equipped to Gaius Julius Caesar only, Increase Quick Card effectiveness of all allies by 15% while on the field. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 - 15 March 44 BCE), Roman statesman, general, author, famous for the conquest of Gaul (modern France and Belgium) and his subsequent coup d'état. Gaius Julius Caesar (July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a military commander, politician and author at the end of the Roman Republic. März 44 v. Chr. Updates? The first triumvirate and the conquest of Gaul, Antecedents and outcome of the civil war of 49–45, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler, Old and Sold - Biography of Julius Caesar, Public Broadcasting Service - Biography of Julius Caeser, Social Studies for Kids - Biography of Julius Caesar, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Julius Caesar, Heritage History - Julius Caesar - Ada Russell, The History Learning Site - Biography of Julius Caesar, History World - Biography of Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Julius Caesar - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Julius Caesar, in full Gaius Julius Caesar, (born July 12/13, 100? In public funeral orations in their honour, Caesar found opportunities for praising Cinna and Marius. They were granted patrician status, along with other noble Alban families. The years of his youth were dominated by the conflict betwe… Caesar’s father arrived at the praetor-ship, but never won the election for the consulship. Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 - 15 March 44 BCE), Roman statesman, general, author, famous for the conquest of Gaul (modern France and Belgium) and his subsequent coup d'état. An aunt of the future dictator had married Gaius Marius, a self-made man (novus homo) who had forced his way up to the summit by his military ability and had made the momentous innovation of recruiting his armies from the dispossessed peasants. Caesar raised his ransom, raised a naval force, captured his captors, and had them crucified—all this as a private individual holding no public office. His first target, Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, was defended by Quintus Hortensius, the leading advocate of the day, and was acquitted by the extortion-court jury, composed exclusively of senators. Learn how Julius Caesar and the Roman army created an empire. A co-conspirator, Decmius Brutus, was Caesar's second heir in his will. Gaius Julius Caesar was born most likely on 13 July (originally Quinctilis, but renamed in honor of Caesar after his death) in the year 100 BC. From the beginning, he probably privately aimed at winning office, not just for the sake of the honours but in order to achieve the power to put the misgoverned Roman state and Greco-Roman world into better order in accordance with ideas of his own. He changed the Roman republic into a monarchy and laid the foundations of a truly Mediterranean empire. Gaius Julius Caesar (100 BCE – 44 BCE) sister projects: Wikipedia article, Commons gallery, Commons category, quotes, Wikidata item. Caesar then went to Rhodes to study oratory under a famous professor, Molon. He is always seen wearing a… Patrician is a … Gaius Julius Caesar was born into a patrician family, the gens Julia, which claimed descent from Julus, son of the legendary Trojan prince Aeneas, supposedly the son of the goddess Venus. J C Rolfe", "Suetonius, Life of Caesar, Chapters LXXXIII, LXXXIV, LXXXV", "Was Julius Caesar's epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis? bce, Rome [Italy]—died March 15, 44 bce, Rome), celebrated Roman general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58–50 bce), victor in the civil war of 49–45 bce, and dictator (46–44 bce), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of … Inscription on the triumphal wagon reported in The Twelve Caesars by Suetonius, as translated by Robert Graves (1957) 1. He changed the Roman republic into a monarchy and laid the foundations of a truly Mediterranean empire. A Roman noble won distinction for himself and his family by securing election to a series of public offices, which culminated in the consulship, with the censorship possibly to follow. The requirements and the costs of a Roman political career in Caesar’s day were high, and the competition was severe; but the potential profits were of enormous magnitude. Even people who know nothing of Caesar as a historic personality are familiar with his family name as a title signifying a ruler who is in some sense uniquely supreme or paramount—the meaning of Kaiser in German, tsar in the Slavonic languages, and qayá¹£ar in the languages of the Islamic world. His parents were Gaius Julius Caesar and Aurelia. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Ave! It was also not rich or influential or even distinguished. In 83 bce Lucius Cornelius Sulla returned to Italy from the East and led the successful counter-revolution of 83–82 bce; Sulla then ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia. It is improbable that Caesar deliberately sought monarchical power until after he had crossed the Rubicon in 49 bce, though sufficient power to impose his will, as he was determined to do, proved to mean monarchical power. Gaius Julius Caesar, one of the most influential political and military leaders in history, helped establish the vast empire ruled by Rome. Caesar’s gens (clan) name, Julius (Iulius), is also familiar in the Christian world, for in Caesar’s lifetime the Roman month Quintilis, in which he was born, was renamed “July” in his honour. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Julius Caesar had a son with Cleopatra named Caesarion, or "little Caesar". The whole Mediterranean world was, in fact, at the mercy of the Roman nobility and of a new class of Roman businessmen, the equites (“knights”), which had grown rich on military contracts and on tax farming. This partial financial recovery enabled him, after his return to Rome in 60 bce, to stand for the consulship for 59 bce. See more ideas about Julius caesar, Gaius julius caesar, Ancient rome. Julius Caesar's family was old Roman nobility, but they were not rich. 1. Director of Studies, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, 1925–55. Caesar was married to Aurelia, a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families. As a priest not only had to be of patrician stock, but married to a patrician, Caesar broke off his engagement to a plebian girl and married the patrician, Cornelia, daughter of a high pro… Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. Gaius Julius Caesar (20 BC – 21 February AD 4), most commonly known as Gaius Caesar or Caius Caesar, was the oldest son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder. Caesar afterward married Pompeia, a distant relative of Pompey. in Rom; † 15. He had to leave Italy after Sulla won the civil war against his uncle Gaius Marius. Gaius Iulius Caesar (deutsch: Gaius Julius Cäsar; * 13. Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (soudobá výslovnost [kaisar], výslovnost [cézar] pochází až z pozdní antiky či raného středověku, 12. It seems unlikely that either of them had committed himself to Catiline; but Caesar proposed in the Senate a more merciful alternative to the death penalty, which the consul Cicero was asking for the arrested conspirators. Caesar was born in 102 or 100 BCE into the ancient patrician family of the Iulii who claimed ancestry from Aeneas of Troy, one of the mythical founders of Rome, and the goddess Venus, but few members of the family had distinguished themselves in the previous generations. Gaius Julius Cæsar (latinsk udtale: [ˈgaːjus ˈjuːlius ˈkaisar]) blev født ind i en kendt og meget gammel aristokratisk familie i Rom, der ifølge overleveringen kunne spores helt tilbage til forfaderen Julus, søn af den trojanske prins Æneas, Roms mytologiske grundlægger, der ifølge myten var søn af Venus. Gaius Julius Caesar (or just Julius Caesar) was born in the month his successor would rename after himself, July (then called Quintilis), in the year 100 BC, to a minor aristocratic family that nonetheless traced its line back to the foundation of Rome, as well as the goddess Venus and the hero Aeneas. Winning … By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. One of the perquisites of the praetorship and the consulship was the government of a province, which gave ample opportunity for plunder. However, his most defining trait is the fact that he is extremely overweight, an oddity amongst Heroic Spirits. The Roman governing class had consequently come to be hated and discredited at home and abroad. Omissions? Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Caesar changed the course of the history of the Greco-Roman world decisively and irreversibly. Caesar was elected one of the curule aediles for 65 bce, and he celebrated his tenure of this office by unusually lavish expenditure with borrowed money. Gaius julius Caesar or Gaius Julius Caesar in modern English spelling (13 July, 100 BC – 15 March, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader. This class had been partly dispossessed by an economic revolution following on the devastation caused by the Second Punic War. Ironically, it had been the loss of his priesthood that allowed him to pursue a military career: the Flamen Dialis was not permitted to ride or even touch a horse, sleep three nights outside his own bed o… But Caesar’s name, like Alexander’s, is still on people’s lips throughout the Christian and Islamic worlds. 1. His political views… In the same year his wife, Cornelia, and his aunt Julia, Marius’s widow, died. Gaius Julius Caesar Ciarán Hinds: Julius Caesar: An arrogant and brilliant general, Caesar is also a subtle politician. Caesar’s gens, the Julii, were patricians—i.e., members of Rome’s original aristocracy, which had coalesced in the 4th century bce with a number of leading plebeian (commoner) families to form the nobility that had been the governing class in Rome since then. Rome’s victory over Carthage in the Second Punic War (218–201 bce) had made Rome the paramount power in the Mediterranean basin; an influential Roman noble family’s clients (that is, protégés who, in return, gave their patrons their political support) might include kings and even whole nations, besides numerous private individuals. Gaius Julius Caesar is a minor antagonist from Reincarnation no Kaben. His family were closely connected with the Marian faction in Roman politics. Julius Caesar crafted an alliance with Marcus Licinius Crassus and Pompey to form the First Triumvirate and challenge the power of the Roman Senate. He was of the Julii family 85 BCE (date unknown) Became head of the family after his father died. When he was sixteen, his father died and Caesar became the head of the family. Apr 21, 2020 - Explore Cheryl Mace's board "Gaius Julius Caesar" on Pinterest. Caesar served his quaestorship in the province of Farther Spain (modern Andalusia and Portugal). 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